Metaphysic: Reality and Existence in the Mind of Philosopher (Part-3)

The ultimate goal is the real reason for “becoming.” In this sense, this goal is the main cause of all motion in matter. That is, specific goal moves matter. He is walking on the path and is constantly avoiding the doctrine of Democritus, but you can see with your eyes that Demos is also behind Aristotle by raising the stick of his scientific and material theory. The stick of scientific principle will hit Aristotle on the head, but even if Aristotle does not stop manipulating words, he is still coming closer to the doctrine of Democritus.

Immediately following this, he asserts, “Nature moves towards a specific goal, and that goal is the true origin of motion.” What does “nature” mean in this context? Is this nature intelligent with intent?” And is it conscious? Or is it a mindless, dumb, and blind thing that moves toward a certain.

Figure-1 Metaphysic: Reality and Existence
Figure-1 Metaphysic: Reality and Existence

Efficient Causal Purpose

Therefore, the “Efficient Causal Purpose” takes the form of “to be,” meaning “readers, the natural ability in the actual reality of the world.” Aristotle gradually comes closer to the truth and says that there is no mind or mind in nature or in nature that is conscious of its original purpose, but still nature is moving towards that particular purpose. Therefore, according to Aristotle, the “original purpose” is the “end” movement. Aristotle’s readership is ambiguous. Plato, plagued by myth and poetic indulgence, is unable to rationally or scientifically prove that the universal concepts that already exist are indeed “concepts.” How did he give birth to material objects like himself?

Figure-2 Metaphysic Efficient Causal Purpose
Figure-2 Metaphysic Efficient Causal Purpose

Material Beings Living In the World

For example, how did the material beings living in the world derive from the universal concept of man? And since Plato cannot prove his philosophy through rational argument, he forcibly abandons the style of rational argument or dialectic and begins to work with myth and poetic problems. Aristotle, his teacher, harshly criticized and detailed this intellectual flaw in Plato. Similar to Plato, he finds himself in a bind as he must demonstrate through logical reasoning and the scientific approach how purpose, or “end,” initiates motion in inanimate objects. Aristotle’s words also suggest or demonstrate that purpose, also known as “end” or “goal,” appears to exist independently of matter.

Figure -3 Reality Comparison
Figure -3 Reality Comparison

Then there is also the question of whose purpose it is the force that desires or aims to bring the mare into a certain form. Let us now ignore the question, whose goal is that? We now arrive at our first question, which is: How does purpose transform inanimate and motionless matter into a specific form? For instance, we store a large amount of wood in a specific location with the aim of transforming it into a cot or a curry. The question now arises: how will this goal transform the wood into a bed or a chair, or shape it into a chair?

Figure-4 Material Beings Living In the World
Figure-4 Material Beings Living In the World

Rational and Scientific Answer

If Aristotle is unable to provide a rational and scientific answer, then he becomes a victim of “idealism” and resorts to myth or poetic appeasement. Readers, the primary goal of Aristotle’s theory is to emphasize that one must perform all tasks, including the most significant ones, with passion. For example, a lover goes to meet his beloved while the beloved is staying at a distance of ten or fifteen miles. There is also no arrangement for riding. Neither a motor car nor a horse or bull is anything, but in the heart of a lover, there is passion and a desire to meet his beloved.

Now it is impossible for a common man to cover a journey of fifteen miles alone on foot without any particular purpose. However, the lover’s heart’s desire and devotion compel him to continue, ultimately reaching his destination. That is, what motivated him? Readers consider one thing: it is a matter of hard work and basic natural ability. Under the guise of purpose, Aristotle wants to prioritize labor over basic natural ability. Another example illustrates the logical and scientific errors.

Figure-5 Rational and Scientific Answer
Figure-5 Rational and Scientific Answer

Interests and Feels Compelled To Work

For example, a student wishes to pass his academic examination in first position. Someone else, a highly intelligent and deserving friend or rival, is diligently striving to secure the top spot in the examination. Now, the first boy pursues his own interests and feels compelled to work diligently to surpass his peers. He also absorbs knowledge from his teachers and strives to comprehend and retain it, demonstrating a strong work ethic. However, his hard work, day in and day out, does not necessarily lead to a better position than that of another boy. Labor itself relies on fundamental innate skills.

If the first boy’s basic and natural mental capacity is greater than the second boy’s mental capacity, then this first boy will definitely outperform the other qualified boy. But if However, if the first boy’s basic or natural mental capacity falls short of his natural mental capacity, he will not be able to outperform the second boy in the examination, despite his diligent Natural ability serves as the true foundation, and this natural ability also forms the basis of hard work to master a task. In other words, a person can only work as hard as he has the natural ability to master a skill. In other words, natural ability is the basis of hard work. Hard work is not the basis of ability. Through hard work, a person is able to master a task according to his ability. But hard work does not increase ability. Because ability is natural.

Figure-6 Metaphysic in Real World
Figure-6 Metaphysic in Real World

The Meaning of the Natural Enhancement

An example of this is that a vessel of one seer capacity is lying empty; there is no water or milk in it, but as soon as we pour water into it, one seer of water comes into it. So what will we call this process? Did we increase the natural capacity of the jug or vessel? Or do you fill the vessel according to its natural capacity? Natural enhancement means that we put one and a half or one liter of water in a seer pot, and it settles in the jug. Although common sense and science do not agree, common sense says that a full-capacity pot will contain a full amount of water, and the remaining water will spill out. Similarly, the natural ability of labor will also dictate its completion.

Working beyond one’s natural ability will not yield any practical benefits, and any additional effort will simply be a waste. This point was lost in the lover example, so I’m repeating it here. Using the example of a lover, compelled by his heart’s longing to walk at fifteen, he is a living human being and therefore moved. But how can one transform wood into a couch or a chair for any specific purpose? Aristotle then concentrates his attention on only two causes, namely “causes” and the difficulty of “matter and form.” And then these two He explains the universe’s creation based on causes. First, Aristotle argues that matter and form are indivisible because every substance exists in some form.

Figure-7 Our World and Metaphysic
Figure-7 Our World and Metaphysic

Comparison of the reality

According to the distinguished author, it is necessary to separate these two entities in order to comprehend this reality, it is impossible to divide or separate these two concepts. For neither form is possible without matter nor matter without form. Because every material thing is a mixture of matter and form, But calculus, rather than geometry, says that without matter, “form has its own personal existence,” i.e., a square triangle, a rectangle, a half circle, etc. The distinguished author of the book also highlights the distinction between “form” and “shape.” Geometry shapes such as squares, triangles, circles, and half circles, along with other types of shapes like trees, animals, humans, or animal faces, are examples of different shapes.

We refer to the first difficulty as “form,” and the second as “shape.”

It will be simple to understand. Despite their subtle differences, the similarities between the two are also considered formless, which does not imply that they lack any form at all. Rather, it only means that the object’s shape is irregular or strange.

Figure 8- Metaphysic in the eyes of Aristotle
Figure 8- Metaphysic in the eyes of Aristotle

Every material object must encounter some level

However, every material object must encounter some level of difficulty. Plato, greatly influenced by Phaistos’ principles of geometry and calculus, endeavored to demonstrate in his theory of ideas that the idea, the universal concept, persists even in the absence of a material object. According to Socrates’ philosophy, “the idea of beauty exists without the beautiful thing, and the universal idea of goodness exists without good deeds.” In other words, both Socrates and Plato considered the idea, or the universal idea, to be a material entity. Aristotle rejects the perspective of his esteemed mentors, as well as his father and grandfather.

Figure-9: Beyond Imagination
Figure-9: Beyond Imagination

Earlier, Aristotle said that matter and its attributes were universal. However, Aristotle asserted that neither matter nor its specific attributes, such as weight, space, or volume, could exist without matter itself. Aristotle in this example referred to the substance as a “substance” and its attributes as “qualities,” highlighting the inseparability of matter and its attributes.

Furthermore, since the substance is a distinct or unique “particular” and its characteristics are “universal,” it is impossible to separate a substance from its qualities. Nor is the parable universal. And so, in another place, Aristotle names the properties of matter form. Matter and its form mean “Matter and Form,” and the point is that neither matter nor form has its existence without matter.

Figure- 10 Aristotle said that matter and its attributes
Figure- 10 Aristotle said that matter and its attributes

This article delves into the concept of metaphysics, which I have explained in a series. If you’re interested in learning about parts 1 and 2, here are the links.

https://scienceresearchs.com/metaphysic-the-unseen-world-understanding-part-1/

https://scienceresearchs.com/metaphysic-human-know-about-the-reality-part-2/

Here is the epistemology term

https://scienceresearchs.com/epistemology-in-social-science-historical-perspective/

Regards

Dr. Abid Hussain Nawaz

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1 Comment

  1. Fascinating exploration of the nature of reality!
    The connections between metaphysics and human experience are profound. This article thoughtfully illuminates the ways in which our perceptions shape our reality.”