Anaximander, the second philosopher after Thales, is said to have had a great creative mind and was very bold in expressing his original creative views. Don’t say things you don’t want to hear. The human mind was stunned. He was born in 611 BC and died in 547 BC. He lived in Miletus and is believed to have studied under Thales. He was famous for his astronomy and geography, and in this context, he first became a geographer. He made a map, but not much information is available about his life.
Anaximander agreed with this principle of Thales that the basic or ultimate principle of material things is matter, but he did not give the name of water to this substance like Thales; that is, he did not call it the basis of things. The principle is water, and perhaps that water was not considered to be any particular type of matter. According to him, the basic principle of things, which is matter, was formless, indeterminate, and limitless. According to the writer, what we know about matter is something like iron, clay, wood, water, or air, and the difference between these types is not fundamental but characteristic. It is a characteristic of air. Iron and wood have their own unique properties.
Indeterminate Quality and Limited and Infinite Nature
Its features, along with its indeterminate quality and limited and infinite nature, set it apart from the properties of ordinary substances. Anaximander believed that this basic material was unlimited. Finally, ultimately, he presented an argument to bolster his belief that a finite quantity of matter would have resulted in the formation of numerous worlds and mud by now. A limit to how far this process can extend. That is why he calls it infinite and limitless. Regarding these countless worlds, Anaximander’s traditional opinion or idea is that first one world came into existence, then it evolved, and finally, the stem is dead or gone. Then a new world came into view, and it evolved.
Finally, it also perished and disappeared, and this chain is not going on. But, according to Professor Brent’s. The idea is that the Anaximander’s innumerable worlds do not necessarily appear one after the other on purpose. It is often thought that many worlds existed at the same time.
Coexisted In Numerous Worlds Simultaneously
Professor Brent’s allusion refers to the stars or planets in the universe. Even if we accept Professor Brent’s words, they didn’t appear in the world sequentially, but rather, they coexisted in numerous worlds simultaneously. This theory is known to be correct. It was in the basic nature of the worlds that they should come into existence, evolve, eventually perish, and so on and so forth.
Make room for the world to come into being. Since the hot part of matter exists in the form of a sphere around the earth, The Earth, at the center of the universe and formed from a cold star, used to be liquid before solidifying. And the heat from the material in the Earth’s sphere causes the water in the ground to vaporize rapidly, so that the vapor rises up into the air.
Like a shell, dig up the earth from all sides. The presence of air on Earth and its surrounding space is suggested, but before doing so, the cold part of the shock does not reach. The Earth is formed during the phase of choosing its shape. Regardless of the situation, we must acknowledge the existence of water.
The ancient Greeks considered air and water vapor to be the same thing. Anaximander further developed his theory, positing that the heated air or vapor rose up and dispersed throughout the earth. The hot material breaks at its core, transforming into large, round piles resembling wood shavings.
Who took all the land under his control? How is it possible to wake up after midnight? Anaximander’s answer was that a special kind of concrete material covered these round piles of Wood, Hiding the Fire within from Our View.
The Moon Is A Product of Fire.
The fact was that they burned continuously, not intermittently, with only the layer of solid material surrounding them dimming the fire’s light. Although it remains hidden from our view, the veil of vapors surrounding these piles contains holes that occasionally allow the fire’s light to emerge, revealing the sun, stars, and moon. This perspective suggests that the moon is a product of fire.
That is, the modern view of the moon holds that it is a lump of clay that reflects the light of the sun, and according to Anaximander, there are three special wheels among them, one of which is the moon. The sun was the farthest from the earth, while the moon was the closest to the earth, and the fixed or stationary stars closest to the earth were the spheres, which were actually the bodies of the wind driven by their strength and circling around the earth.
Anaximander believed that the shape of the earth was not spherical but rather cylindrical, like a cylinder. Anaximande also presented a radical theory about the origin of living things and their evolution. The theory posits that the earth initially existed as a liquid form of matter, and that the moisture and heat from the earth’s mass gradually froze this matter. Don’t get it started. In the beginning, this variety of living things was very common.
And then slowly gradually, these organisms undertook numerous evolutionary steps to enhance their structure with improved organs. And for this work, they adjusted themselves as much as possible to their external environment’s needs.
The Land Area Was Increasing
But the ground water was also drying up due to constant evaporation, and the slightly higher parts of the ground could see out of the water. That is, the ocean was decreasing, but the land area was increasing. In the beginning, the earth contained water, specifically the sea, and there was no dry land without water. Slowly, this water creature grew, struggling to adapt itself to the needs of its external environment.
Anaximander’s pre-Christian theory of evolution is a modern theory of evolution, similar to that of Darwin. The theory suggests that a certain type of ape eventually evolved into a human-like form. According to the author, modern scientists and intellectuals in the modern world can certainly make fun of Anaximander’s early period theories by calling them obsolete, but this is a fact.
Thales only said that water is the basic principle of things’ existence.
Anaximander posits that matter is formless, indeterminate, and limitless, and that it undergoes various phases of passage. Anaximander has described all these stages in a purely academic and scientific manner, presenting us with both clear and abstract ideas. Annex Manager
He is widely regarded as one of the most innovative and creative minds of his time. He made a significant contribution to the existence of this universe and the material world.
We present a clear, scientific, and logical explanation. It is also impossible to deny that Anaximander developed the theory. Anaximander clearly discovered the basic principle: different types of organisms possess varying degrees of innate ability to adapt to their external environment and continue their physical development.
In my opinion, Anaximander’s views are similar to those of Thales.
There was a huge advance in the competition.
The link below if you to read about the Greek philosopher Thales.
https://scienceresearchs.com/thales-philosopher-statement-life-started-with-water/
Dr. Abid Hussain Nawaz
