You all need to familiarize yourselves with the concept of brain science, also referred to as neuroscience. In fact, the study of the structure and function of the nervous system focuses on the brain. The structure of the brain comprises neurons, glial cells, major regions (cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem), and the limbic system. These all control different tasks in our body, including handling thoughts, actions, emotions, memory, movement, body balance, etc.
Neuroplasticity is the process of learning in the brain.
Cognitive Broad Theory
Researchers and psychologists explain how the brain interacts with the environment and responds to learning tasks through cognitively broad theories. The brain examines, acquires, processes information, and stores data.
Stages of learning in different parts of brain
Acquiring
Through experiences and thoughts, the brain acquires knowledge, skills, and information. Knowledge is acquired through perception and attention. Perception is controlled by the occipital lobe, which controls visual perception; the temporal lobe, which controls auditory perception; and the parietal lobe, which controls handling such as touch, pain, etc.
Processing
The prefrontal cortex, which governs decision-making and working, the hippocampus, which processes new memories and links them to previous memories or knowledge, and the parietal lobe, responsible for processing awareness, all influence the processing of learning.
Data Storage (STM and LTM)
Data storage has two terms: long-term memory and short-term memory.
Short-term memory (STM) is essential for human data storage. Short-term memory initially stores new information before referring it to long-term memory. The ratio of a short STM is 20–30 seconds. Miller’s law states that we can hold approximately seven items, with slight variations. We use a phone number during the dialing process.
The brain’s neocortex controls long-term memory (LTM), while the prefrontal cortex manages and arranges information for a prolonged period. Long-term memory stores almost all visual knowledge, including events and visual stories.
Innate abilities of learning
The brain demonstrates this ability by forming neural connections that connect all parts and control all learning processes. It is called neuroplasticity.
Now here’s a question: the brain is not only a plasticity; it’s a place of innate learning abilities of learning. Each and every person is born with a natural talent or set of skills. It is a natural gift for everyone, such as musical talent, athletic ability, and so on.
The brain’s self-organization
Something is present in our brain that sets us away from artificial networks: self-organization.
Alan Turing, a British mathematician, says there are two ways of learning. The first is the psychological level, where humans learn from their environment through experience and observation, and the second is the neural level, which involves self-internal learning from our innate abilities.
Regarding plasticity, it refers to the way a synopsis transforms itself, essentially serving as a foundation for learning.
For instance, observing a small child reveals approximately 2 or 3 million interconnected or disconnected synopses. Babies under the age of one or two years have more synopsis than older adults. Synopsis is a group of cells, and perhaps the reason is that they have minor plasticity. As time progresses, the number of synopsis cells decreases, leading to a sharpening of the synoptic trees. This is due to the implementation of a pool-down system, which is more effective but has a limited learning capacity. The reason for this is twofold: firstly, we have lost some synopsis cells, and secondly, our neurons have formed a dense matrix that surrounds them. The hardness of this matrix prevents the growth of synopsis cells. Then, they remain motionless, while the baby’s brain assumes a more fluid form with a greater number of moving parts.
Learning disabilities in brain
Dyslexia:
Individuals with a neurological condition of the mind may attempt to read fluently, yet struggle to comprehend what they read, and they may also make spelling errors, even with words they are familiar with.
Dysgraphia
The neurological issue of learning has a totally negative effect on writing. Size, space, lines and margins, disability, and misspelling issues are the factors in dysgraphia that contribute to poor writing.
Dyscalculia
The term dyscalculia is also known as “math dyslexia.” Numbers are the subject of learning disorders.
People often experience anxiety when performing math-related tasks like basic arithmetic, which includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
The causes of brain disorders are genetic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, hormonal imbalances, and lifestyle factors.
Neuroplasticity, multisensory integration, attention, practice, and the brain capacity to gain, grow, and save new knowledge are the conclusive points.
Rumana Gull
Scholar Master of Philosophy Biological Sciences
Dr. Abid Hussain Nawaz
Ph.D
For More Reading about Brain Topics
Brain: Brain Development Stages Mother Womb to Death
https://scienceresearchs.com/brain-brain-development-stages-mother-womb-to-death/
Universe a Brain: The Human Mind and The Cosmic Web Resemblance
https://scienceresearchs.com/universe-a-brain-the-human-mind-and-the-cosmic-web-resemblance/
Business Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence: Two Brain Synergy
https://scienceresearchs.com/business-intelligence-and-artificial-intelligence-two-brain-synergy/
Human Brains Shrinking: Evolutionary Insights into Human Brain Reduction
Mini Brain, AI, and Human Brain: Minds Preparing in Labs
https://scienceresearchs.com/mini-brain-ai-and-human-brain-minds-preparing-in-labs/
